Basic Principles on the Independence of the Judiciary

This resolution of the United Nations Congress on the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders deals with securing and promoting the independence of the judiciary. It sets out basic principles regarding the following substantive issues: independence of the judiciary (and the importance of enshrining the principle in the constitution); freedom of expression and association of judges; qualifications, selection, and training; conditions of service and tenure; professional secrecy and immunity; and discipline, suspension, and removal.